Scientists have identified a new therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases by boosting a protein called PI31, which ensures proteasomes reach synapses to clear protein waste.
Category: life extension – Page 2
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Feudal Futures: Knights & Nobles in the Space Age
Feudalism once ruled Earth—could it rule the cosmos too? We dive into the strange but plausible world of space nobles, orbital dukes, and knights of the vacuum clad in power armor or piloting mecha.
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Credits:
Feudal Futures — Knights & Nobles in the Space Age.
Written, Produced & Narrated by: Isaac Arthur.
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images.
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound http://epidemicsound.com/creator.
Chapters.
0:00 Intro.
0:12 Feudalism… IN SPACE!!!? Knights, Mechs, and Space Lords.
5:04 Lords of the Vacuum – Whoever Builds the Habitat, Owns the Habitat.
9:10 Feudal Claims on Natural Resources.
14:31 Vassalage in Vacuum – How Loyalty Could Work in Space.
18:20 Breaking the Mold – Alternative Models to Feudal Ownership.
20:52 Natural Armor.
22:12 Would It Work? Or Collapse Gloriously?
23:38 The Knight Reforged – Power Armor, Mechs, and Weapons of Mass Respect.
25:12 A New Middle Ages Among the Stars?
‘Young’ immune cells reverse signs of neurodegenerative brain changes in preclinical study
“Young” immune cells created by Cedars-Sinai investigators reversed signs of aging and Alzheimer’s disease in the brains of laboratory mice, according to a study published in the journal Advanced Science.
The immune cells, which were produced from human stem cells, could be used to develop new treatments for neurological conditions in humans.
“Previous studies have shown that transfusions of blood or plasma from young mice improved cognitive decline in older mice, but that is difficult to translate into a therapy,” said Clive Svendsen, Ph.D., executive director of the Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute and senior author of the study.
Fat molecules and water interact in surprising ways within collagen fibrils
Researchers from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Chemnitz University of Technology have discovered fat molecules in natural collagen fibrils, the main component of connective tissue. Their research, published in Soft Matter, shows how fats affect the mechanical properties and water content of collagen fibrils.
Collagen fibrils are the basic building blocks of skin, tendons, ligaments, and bones. They hold our bodies together. Fats and oils have long been used to soften and protect leather, which consists of collagen molecules. However, it is not known how many fat molecules are contained in natural collagen fibrils.
Knowing the precise chemical composition of collagen fibrils is important for understanding biochemical processes involved in tissue growth, aging, and disease. In chemistry, the various molecular components are usually separated to study the properties of pure substances. However, biological systems contain thousands of different chemical molecules, all of which are likely important.
Scientists may have found a way to strengthen bones for life
Scientists at Leipzig University have identified a little-known receptor, GPR133, as a key player in bone health. By stimulating this receptor with a new compound called AP503, they were able to boost bone strength in mice, even reversing osteoporosis-like conditions. The breakthrough highlights a promising path toward safer and more effective treatments for millions struggling with bone loss, while also hinting at broader benefits for aging populations.
Researchers discover new microprotein that controls metabolic health in mouse fat cells
Like bees breathing life into gardens, providing pollen and making flowers blossom, little cellular machines called mitochondria breathe life into our bodies, buzzing with energy as they produce the fuel that powers each of our cells. Maintaining mitochondrial metabolism requires input from many molecules and proteins—some of which have yet to be discovered.
Salk Institute researchers are taking a closer look at whether mitochondria rely on microproteins—small proteins that have been difficult to find and, consequently, underestimated for their role in health and disease. In their new study, a microprotein discovered just last year at Salk, called SLC35A4-MP, was found to play a critical role in upholding mitochondrial structure and regulating metabolic stress in mouse fat cells. The findings plant the seed for future microprotein-based treatments for obesity, aging, and other mitochondrial disorders.
The study, published in Science Advances on August 29, 2025, is part of a series of recent discoveries at Salk that showcase the functional importance of microproteins in cellular biology, metabolism, and stress.